What is the definition of lung cancer? Discuss the etiology and effects.
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Lung cancer is likely the most common cancer in the world. In fact, this type represented “12.4% of all new cancer cases in the year 2002, its main risk factor being tobacco smoking” (Parkin et al, 2005, 1190). Besides smoking, other risk factors include occupational exposure “to agents such as asbestos, radon, arsenic, and silica dust; suspected risk factors include air pollution and dietary factors, notably low consumption of fruits and vegetables (Teppo et al, 2001; Spitz et al, 2006; World Cancer Research Fund, 2007)” (1190).
In terms of types, there are four major lung cancer subtypes: “squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), large cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma (ADC), and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), comprising over 90% of all cases (Spitz et al, 2006). Although smoking is associated with all histological types of lung cancer, ADC has a weaker association …
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